Why Wasn't the Serbian Army Transported to Allied Italy during World War I?
The Serbian army's flight from Serbia during World War I involved a perilous journey through Albania. Yet, there is a question that often arises: why wasn't the Serbian army transported to allied Italy instead? This article explores the reasons behind Serbia's decision and sheds light on the historical context and diplomatic landscape of the time.
The Strategic Dilemma: Allies and Neutrality
Serbia was invaded by Austro-German forces from the north and Bulgaria from the east. The primary objective of the Serbian army was to avoid total annihilation and find a way to continue the fight against their enemies. The nearest allied territory to consider was Montenegro, which had a seaport, albeit one frequently patrolled by Austrian warships.
Montenegro and Greece: Unviable Options
Montenegro, while an ally, was not a feasible option due to its limited resources and proximity to the enemy. Alternative routes into Greece were considered, but these were rendered infeasible by Bulgaria's intervention. Greece, despite its proximity, was a neutral power and could not offer the necessary support for a military crossing. Thus, retreating into Greece would have meant internment and a loss of freedom of action. The crossroads of strategic possibility were narrow, and the Serbian army had to choose wisely.
Albania: A Desperate Solution
Given the narrow options, the Serbian army faced a dire choice: either flee to the coast and use the nearest useful port in Albania or surrender. Albania, while not an allied power, was in no position to stop the Serbian army from entering. Instead, Albania hoped that the French would intervene and assist the Serbian army once they reached the southern coast.
The Role of The Triple Entente and Allied Support
The Triple Entente, of which Serbia was part, did not provide direct military support to Serbia's journey through Albania. The French did intervene, eventually transporting the Serbian army to safety. This operation marked a significant chapter in the history of World War I, showcasing the challenges faced by the Serbs and the eventual support from their allies.
Forgotten Diplomatic Relations
While the Serbian army's journey through Albania is well-documented, it is also important to note the complex diplomatic relations during this period. Albania, despite not being an officially allied power, played a crucial role in allowing the Serbian army to escape. This forgotten aspect of history underscores the nuanced nature of alliances and neutrality in wartime.
Conclusion: A Sacrifice Remembered
The Serbian army's decision to flee through Albania was a desperate and costly solution. This journey marked a significant chapter in World War I and the history of the Balkans. While it was not the ideal option, it provided the Serbs with a path to survival and eventually to re-engagement on the battlefield. The journey through Albania is a testament to the bravery and determination of the Serbian forces and their commitment to their cause.