Why Did Bangladesh Partner with SpaceX for Their Satellite Launch Rather Than ISRO?
When it came to launching their first communications satellite, Bangladesh made a strategic choice to partner with SpaceX instead of ISRO. This decision was influenced by a combination of cost-effectiveness, technological advancements, launch availability, and political considerations. This article explores the reasons behind Bangladesh's choice and the advantages of choosing SpaceX over traditional launch providers.
Cost-Effectiveness and Flexibility
Bangladesh opted for SpaceX primarily due to the cost-effectiveness and flexibility offered by the company. SpaceX has established a reputation for providing competitive pricing for satellite launches, making it a more attractive option for developing space programs. Unlike traditional launch providers like ISRO, SpaceX offers a more flexible launch schedule and quicker turnaround times, which can be crucial for timely deployments.
Technological Advancements and Reliability
The reliability and advanced technology of SpaceX’s Falcon 9 rocket were key factors in Bangladesh’s decision. The Falcon 9 has a commendable track record of successful launches, which instilled confidence in the decision-makers. In contrast, while ISRO has a strong reputation and capability, the specific needs and circumstances of Bangladesh led them to prioritize the more reliable and technologically advanced Falcon 9.
Political and Diplomatic Considerations
Partnerships in space exploration and satellite technology can also involve broader political and diplomatic relationships. The decision to partner with SpaceX might align better with Bangladesh’s foreign policy or economic interests compared to collaborating with ISRO. Additionally, Bangladesh had established a relationship with SpaceX and its CEO, Elon Musk, which may have facilitated the decision to choose SpaceX.
The Bangabandhu Satellite-1
The Bangabandhu Satellite-1 is the first Bangladeshi geostationary communications and broadcasting satellite, named after the father of the nation, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman. Manufactured by Thales Alenia Space and launched on 12 May 2018, the satellite was the first payload launched by a Falcon 9 Block 5 launch vehicle. This launch marked Bangladesh as the 57th nation to possess an independent satellite in outer space.
Thales Alenia Space and BTRC
Thales Alenia Space, a joint venture between the French technology corporation Thales Group and Italian defense conglomerate Leonardo, is headquartered in Cannes, France. The project is being implemented by BTRC (Bangladesh Telecommunication Regulatory Commission) in collaboration with Space Partnership International LLC, a US-based company.
Launch Specifics and Challenges
Initially, Bangladesh had planned to launch Bangabandhu-1 on an Ariane 5 ECA rocket on 16 December 2017 to celebrate the victory of Bangladesh. However, the lack of a firm guarantee from Arianespace led BTRC to choose the Falcon 9 launch vehicle. The satellite is now located at the 119.1° East longitude geostationary slot. Despite India being a preferred destination for satellite launches due to its economy, the use of reusable technology by SpaceX significantly reduced launching costs, leading to ISRO possibly missing out on this opportunity.
ISRO and Falcon 9
ISRO's technology and experience were challenged by the weight of the Bangabandhu-1 satellite. While ISRO’s heaviest satellite, GSAT-19, weighed 3136 kg, Bangabandhu-1 was almost 3500 kg, making it a heavier payload. Additionally, the GSLV Mk III, costing almost 40–60M for launching a satellite, is comparable to the Falcon 9’s cost of around 50M. However, GSLV MkIII is still in the developmental phase with only one successful launch with a functional cryogenic stage, leading to ISRO declaring a launching system as successful only after two successful flights.
Thales Alenia Space's Role
It is noteworthy that despite partnering with Thales Alenia Space to build the satellite, Bangladesh did not choose Thales Alenia to launch the satellite. They preferred SpaceX due to their expertise and technological advancements.
Conclusion
In conclusion, while ISRO has a strong reputation and capability in satellite launches, the specific needs and circumstances of Bangladesh led them to choose SpaceX. This strategic decision showcased Bangladesh’s commitment to innovation and reliability in space technology, setting a new benchmark in their space exploration journey.