Understanding the Status of Gilgit Baltistan: A Detailed Look
The status of Gilgit Baltistan, a disputed region between India and Pakistan, remains a complex issue with political, legal, and humanitarian implications. This article delves into the history, current status, and legal references related to Gilgit Baltistan, providing a comprehensive view for readers interested in the politics and geography of the area.
Introduction
Geographically situated in the northern region of Pakistan, Gilgit Baltistan is often a subject of controversy, with its political status being a matter of debate. This essay aims to provide a clear understanding of whether Gilgit Baltistan is part of Pakistan, examining the historical context, the legal framework, and the current political situation.
Historical Context and Geographical Location
Gilgit Baltistan is a vast and mountainous area located in the northern foothills of the Himalayas. Historically, this region has been part of the larger Kashmir province, which was contested between Pakistan and India following the partition of British India in 1947. Over the years, the political status of Gilgit Baltistan has been a contentious issue, with both India and Pakistan having different views on its integration into their respective territories.
The Legal Framework
To understand the current status of Gilgit Baltistan, it is crucial to examine the legal framework governing the region. A key reference is the 1973 Constitution of Pakistan, which outlines the boundaries and administrative structure of the country.
Article 1 of the 1973 Constitution
According to Subsection one of Article One of the 1973 Constitution of Pakistan, the areas defined as part of Pakistan include:
North West Frontier Province (now Khyber Pakhtunkhwa) Punjab Sindh Federally Administered Tribal Areas (FATA) Areas that were incorporated into Pakistan in some other wayThe Constitution explicitly states that Azad Kashmir (Kashmiri controlled territory) does not constitute a part of the Islamic Republic of Pakistan, and it is considered a foreign territory. Furthermore, Article 257 underlines the future of Kashmiris, stating that the decision on their future status will be made after they are consulted.
Current Political Status and Disputes
The political status of Gilgit Baltistan is further complicated by the ongoing dispute between India and Pakistan over the territory of Jammu and Kashmir. India administers the southern and southeastern portions, while Pakistan administers the northern and northwestern areas, including Gilgit Baltistan.
Gilgit Baltistan has been under Pakistani control for approximately 75 years, which supports its claim to be an integral part of Pakistan. However, the region remains predominantly Muslim and has a distinct cultural identity, leading some to believe it should be a separate entity.
Conclusion
The status of Gilgit Baltistan is a complex and multifaceted issue. While the 1973 Constitution of Pakistan does not explicitly mention Gilgit Baltistan as part of Pakistan, it does recognize the status of Azad Kashmir as a foreign territory. Moreover, the long-term possession of Gilgit Baltistan by Pakistan and the cultural and historical connection of its inhabitants to Pakistan support the argument that it is indeed part of the country.
Given the ongoing dispute with India and the unique status of Azad Kashmir, it is clear that the future of Gilgit Baltistan is intertwined with the broader Kashmiri issue. Any resolution will require significant political dialogue and international mediation.