Introduction

Wild blackberry vines are found in many parts of the world, from Ireland to Oregon. While blackberries are native to certain regions, they are known to thrive in various climates and terrains, leading to their presence in many gardens and landscapes. This article explores the spread of blackberries, their significance in different cultures, and their growing conditions based on USDA hardiness zones.

Native and Invasive

The blackberry is native to Ireland and much of the rest of Europe. This is why they are so prevalent in Ireland. However, the concept of invading blackberries is somewhat misleading if one considers the journey of glaciation and post-glacial re-colonization in the region. Note that wild blackberries spread more through natural growth patterns and human movement rather than an invasion in the strict sense.

For instance, when the author bought a house in England, blackberries had taken over half the garden, necessitating a war against these stubborn plants. In contrast, in Oregon, where the author currently lives, blackberry growth can be problematic if not managed properly, potentially damaging structures.

Blackberry in the Wildlife and Gardening Scene

Blackberries belong to the genus Rubus and are part of the rose family, along with raspberries and dewberries. The thorny nature of blackberries contributes to their invasive nature in gardens and landscapes. These plants can grow in a variety of ways, from rambling brambles to upright or even prostrate vines. The USDA has categorized plants into hardiness zones based on temperature.

In the United States, blackberries are best suited to USDA zones 5-8, which includes the author's home in central Florida. However, in this region, only dewberries can be found in the south, and not blackberries or raspberries. In 1991, the author picked wild raspberries in Russia, indicating that wherever Europeans have introduced Rubus species, such plants often escape cultivation due to their durability and tenacity.

Partnership with Local Lore

Blackberries in Ireland carry with them a rich cultural significance. During the late summer and early autumn, commonly referred to as Samhain (pronounced So-wen), the fruit of the blackberry vine is reserved for the "Good Folk" and not for human consumption. Local lore suggests that phookas (a type of fairy in Irish mythology) pass on the berries to keep humans from eating them after the first frost, as the berries will then turn bitter, often described as tasting like phooka piss.

Conclusion

The prevalence of blackberry vines across different landscapes is a testament to their adaptability and hardiness. While they may cause problems for gardeners and homeowners, they hold cultural significance in certain regions. Understanding the growing conditions and cultural practices related to blackberries is crucial for managing these plants effectively.