The Role of US Battleships in Post-World War II Combat
Throughout the tumultuous period following World War II, the US Navy continued to deploy battleships in significant military operations. From the Korean War to the Vietnam War and beyond, these formidable vessels played crucial roles in shore bombardment and strategic support missions. This article delves into the uses and effectiveness of battleships in post-war combat scenarios.
US Battleships in the Korean War
During the Korean War, the US Navy recognized the value of battleships in shore bombardment operations. In 1950, the USS Iowa and other battleships were reactivated and used to support United Nations forces against North Korean troops. These powerful vessels provided essential firepower to soften enemy positions before Infantry advances.
The USS New Jersey: A Notable Example
The USS New Jersey, a well-known example, was brought out of mothballs in the mid-1960s to serve in the Vietnam War. It was positioned at Norfolk Naval Base, providing a platform for EM (Electrical Maintenance) staff to explore and gain aboard. The ship's powerful 16-inch guns and guided missiles made it an invaluable asset for shore bombardment. Despite the efforts to refit the New Jersey, the question remains whether it provided significant benefits beyond its predecessors.
US Battleships in the Vietnam War
During the Vietnam War, the USS Iowa class battleships, including the USS New Jersey, continued to serve in shore bombardment roles. Their heavy guns and long-range capabilities were crucial in providing accurate and destructive fire support. Notably, the New Jersey was involved in numerous missions, including Operation Starlite in 1965, where it engaged enemy positions that were immune to air strikes due to geographical constraints.
Strategic Bombardment and Marine Support
The USS New Jersey became a favorite among Marine Corps units in Vietnam. Its ability to swiftly target and destroy enemy positions was unmatched by other military assets. The ship's high-angle fire could reach previously unattainable targets, making it an indispensable tool for Marine commanders.
Post-Vietnam and Operation Desert Storm
Following the Vietnam War, US battleships continued to play a vital role in military operations into the 1990s. During Operation Desert Storm, the USS Missouri, a battleship, demonstrated its capability to engage and destroy targets using both its 16-inch guns and guided Tomahawk missiles. This demonstrated a transition towards a more modern and flexibility-enhanced use of battleships in support of multi-faceted military operations.
It is important to note that despite the continued use of battleships in various combat roles, the nature of these operations was primarily focused on shore bombardment and strategic support. Battleships were not used for direct vessel-to-vessel engagements after the end of World War II.
Modern Applications and Museum Status
Today, many of the US battleships that saw active service in post-World War II conflicts are now preserved as museum ships or used in Hollywood films. This transition from active service to cultural landmarks underscores the enduring legacy of battleships in American military history.