Why Doesn't Switzerland Want a New EU Deal?

Switzerland has long been a unique entity in the world of international diplomacy, maintaining a policy of neutrality and independence from the European Union (EU). While most countries strive for better terms in their international agreements, Switzerland's position is peculiar. It continues to reject new EU deals, largely due to concerns over constitutional changes and the EU's approach to negotiations.

The Failed Negotiations of 7 Years Ago

Switzerland entered into negotiations with the EU seven years ago with the hope of securing a comprehensive deal. However, the subsequent developments have revealed that the EU's demands would necessitate significant constitutional changes to Swiss law. This prospect has become particularly troubling to the Swiss, who are known for their decentralized system, where major national issues are often put to referenda. The EU's approach of bypassing democratic procedures and constitutions has made such a deal severely unappealing to Switzerland.

Switzerland's Approach to Deals and Referenda

Switzerland's commitment to direct democracy and constitutional integrity is a defining feature of its national identity. Switzerland requires that almost every major national issue be put to a public vote. This approach contrasts sharply with the EU's more centralized and less democratic governance model. The EU often enforces policies through laws, regulations, and mandates without the direct consent of the populace, a concept that is fundamentally at odds with Switzerland's political system.

The Problem with Comprehensiveness

One of the core issues for Switzerland lies in the EU's desire to bundle numerous agreements into a single, comprehensive package. Switzerland currently has around 200 separate agreements with the EU. Many of these agreements would require the approval of the Swiss electorate, while others are considered minor issues that may not require the electorate's consent. However, the EU's insistence on a unified and binding package has led to significant friction, as it risks undermining Swiss constitutional integrity.

The European Union's Demands and Swiss Values

Switzerland's rejection of the new EU deal can be traced back to specific demands made by the EU. Firstly, the EU's demands to relinquish control over crucial national issues to unelected bureaucrats in Brussels goes against Switzerland's deeply held values of freedom and self-governance. Historically, Switzerland has prided itself on its decentralized governance and has been wary of foreign interference and tyranny.

Switzerland's Future Engagement with the EU

As the situation stands, Switzerland is likely to continue negotiating individual agreements rather than signing a comprehensive deal. This approach allows for a more flexible and controlled manner of engagement with the EU. Over time, as specific issues are addressed and decisions are made through referenda, Switzerland hopes to preserve its constitutional principles while maintaining beneficial relationships with its key trading partners.

The EU's willingness to embrace Switzerland's decentralized and democratic approach would likely resolve much of the tension. However, as of now, the EU's insistence on a more centralized model remains a significant obstacle to a new deal.