Risks of Consuming Apricot or Apple Seeds and the Dangers of Cyanide

Apricot and apple seeds are often considered harmless by many, but they contain cyanogenic glycosides, such as amygdalin, which can release cyanide when metabolized. How much of these seeds would need to be consumed to be at risk of cyanide poisoning? This article explores the dangers of consuming apricot and apple seeds and the lethal dose of cyanide for humans.

Introduction to Amygdalin and Cyanide

Apricot and apple seeds contain amygdalin, a compound that converts into cyanide (a toxic substance) during metabolism. It's important to understand the potential risks associated with consuming these seeds and how much is needed to cause harm.

The Dangers of Cyanide

Cyanide is a highly toxic substance that can interfere with cell metabolism, leading to central nervous system depression and cellular apoptosis. The lethal dose for humans is estimated to be around 1 to 2 mg per kg of body weight, a very small amount considering its potency. This means that consuming a significant amount of apricot or apple seeds, especially if they are ground or chewed, can pose a serious threat to one's health.

Amygdalin in Apple and Apricot Seeds

Both apple and apricot seeds contain amygdalin. However, the concentration of amygdalin varies between the two:

Apple Seeds: The cyanide content is relatively low in apple seeds. Consuming about 150 to 200 seeds in a short period could potentially lead to a toxic level of cyanide. Apricot Seeds: Apricot seeds have a higher concentration of amygdalin. A few dozen apricot seeds could lead to a potentially fatal dose, depending on the size and the individual's susceptibility.

Estimated Lethal Dose of Cyanide

The exact number of seeds needed to cause a fatal dose of cyanide varies based on several factors:

Individual Weight: The larger the individual, the more seeds would be required to reach a lethal dose. Seed Size and Type: The size and specific type of seeds can affect the amount of cyanide produced. Preparation of Seeds: Whether the seeds are ground or chewed, the way they are processed can increase their cyanide content.

General Guidelines for Consumption

While small amounts of seeds may not cause harm, consuming large quantities can be dangerous:

Apple Seeds: About 200 apple seeds (or 40 apple cores) would be needed to receive a fatal dose. Apricot Seeds: 10 to 30 apricot seeds could potentially lead to a fatal dose, but this varies depending on the size of the seeds and individual susceptibility.

It's crucial to seek medical attention immediately if there are concerns about cyanide poisoning or any symptoms of poisoning such as difficulty breathing, dizziness, or confusion.

While apple seeds alone may not be a significant risk, eating large quantities of crushed seeds, especially if they are ground, can lead to dangerous levels of cyanide. It's always better to err on the side of caution and avoid consuming significant amounts of these seeds.