Best Practices for Interviewing World War II Veterans: A Storyteller’s Guide
Interviewing a World War II veteran is a profound and often emotional experience. These individuals carry with them incredible stories of resilience, courage, and loss. The key to a successful interview lies in the preparatory work, the approach taken, and the respect shown. Drawing from the experience of Falklands war veteran Simon Weston interviewing a World War II veteran of the Battle of Kohima, here are the essential tips to achieve a moving and impactful outcome.
Understand the Context
Before embarking on the interview, it’s crucial to have a deep understanding of the historical and cultural context. The Battle of Kohima, for example, was a pivotal battle in 1944 that marked a critical turning point against the Japanese forces. By familiarizing yourself with the unit's history, the battles they fought, and the era in which they served, you’ll be better equipped to ask insightful questions that guide the conversation naturally.
Establish a Connection
The rapport generated during the interview can be the difference between a bland recitation of facts and a deeply moving narrative. Simon Weston’s interview with the veteran is a great example of this. Weston’s experience of being burned in the Falklands War created an instant connection, as both men shared the horrors of war. Similarly, you should share your own motivations and interests in the interview. This shows that you are not just a passive observer but a fellow human with a genuine interest in their experiences.
Ask Open-Ended Questions
Open-ended questions such as ‘Can you tell me about your experience in X battle? ’ or 'How did you feel during the X event?' allow the interviewee to share their stories freely and in their own words. Avoid leading questions, which can steer the conversation in an unintended direction. For instance, if you want to know about the Battle of the Tennis Court, ask 'What do you remember about that specific area of the battle?' rather than beginning with a statement like 'The Battle of the Tennis Court was intense, wasn’t it?' This approach gives the interviewee the space to narrate their experience in their own way.
Be Patient and Respectful
Patience is key in conducting a successful interview, especially with someone who has been through intense experiences. The old Welsh Fusilier’s story about his friend’s cries for help deeply affected him, showing the emotional weight of the memories. Weston’s respect for the veteran’s dignity during this emotionally charged moment is a lesson in empathy and consideration.
Be Prepared for Unexpected Moments
Interviewees may bring up topics or memories you were not expecting. Be flexible and willing to adjust your questions to explore these new dimensions. It can be powerful to allow the interview to veer away from your original plan if it leads to a rich discussion that reveals a deeper understanding of the subject.
Take Care of Practical Details
Ensure that you have the necessary equipment and that it is functioning properly before starting the interview. Check the camera, audio quality, and lighting. A technical issue can disrupt the flow of the conversation and create an awkward break. Also, create a comfortable environment for your interviewee. Provide refreshments like tea, coffee, or biscuits, and ensure the recording environment is quiet and distraction-free.
Invite Recollections Through Personal Details
People often remember personal details and anecdotes more vividly than dates and facts. Encourage your interviewee to share stories about specific individuals, encounters, and events. These personal stories can add authenticity and emotion to the interview, making it more engaging and compelling.
Respect Dignity and Individuality
Throughout the interview, maintain respect for the interviewee's dignity. If an emotional topic arises, it’s important to give them the space they need, as Weston did by turning off the camera during a particularly upsetting moment. Recognize that their experiences are deeply personal and may trigger strong emotions. This respect fosters a more genuine and fulfilling conversation.
Encourage Reflection and Memory Retention
Distances can have a blurring effect on dates and times, even for experienced veterans. Even if the interviewee seems to have a clear memory of a particular event, dates and times might be mixed up. Acknowledge this and be patient, as complete accuracy is not always possible. Encourage them to share more about the people and places involved, as these details often help solidify the memory.
Final Thoughts
The art of interviewing a World War II veteran lies in the careful balance of research, preparation, emotional intelligence, and respect. By following these guidelines, you can create a memorable and impactful interview that honors their service and experiences. Remember, the goal is to bring their stories to life in a way that resonates with your audience, ensuring that their legacy is preserved and shared.